Reformation in Continental Europe and England and Its...

Reformation is the religious revolution that took place in Western Europe in the 16th century. It arose from objections to doctrines and practices in the medieval church, loss of papal authority and credibility as well as other societal, political and economical issues of the time. This revolution had a major impact on Europe and it gave way to short term and long-term consequences, which still can be seen today. There were many causes of Reformation, some go as far back as the fourteenth century. One of the main ones was that the papal authority and credibility were damaged. This was done through, Avignon papacy, - a time where the headquarters of the Holy See had to be moved from Rome to Avignon, it brought uncertainty to the people,†¦show more content†¦There were many consequences that were results of the Reformation. An immediate and unfortunate effect was intolerance to other denominations that were founded during Reformation, which was expressed through many persecutions and religious wars. In Spain, Portugal and Italy those who were not Catholic suffered death or imprisonment during the Inquisition. Similarly, the Protestant princes of Germany punished their Catholic citizens. This intolerance was also shown by civil wars in Switzerland, Germany, France (between Huguenots and Calvinists). The civil wars were a hindrance to security, material prosperity and cultural advancem ent. Also as a result of the Reformation, revolts and wars broke out around Europe, causing loss of life, property, prestige and power. There were wars between Spain and Netherlands, the Anglo-Spanish War, but the most devastating at the time was the war in 1618 in Germany between the Catholics and the Protestants, which lasted for thirty years. Hence it is known as the Thirty Years War. Various treaties that brought an end to this war in 1648 are called the Peace of Westphalia, which stated that Calvinists were equal with Lutherans and Catholics. Another immediate effect was the development of new ideas in the economic field. People were free from medieval restrictions and started to pursue economic activities such as money lending, which wasShow MoreRelated Reformation in continental Europe and England and its consequences1616 Words   |  7 Pages Reformation is the religious revolution that took place in Western Europe in the 16th century. It arose from objections to doctrines and practices in the medieval church, loss of papal authority and credibility as well as other societal, political and economical issues of the time. This revolution had a major impact on Europe and it gave way to short term and long-term consequences, which still can be seen today. There were many causes of Reformation, some go as far back as the fourteenth centuryRead MoreThe Beginning Of The Reformation1476 Words   |  6 PagesTask 1: Describe the beginning of the Reformation in Germany (including who, when, and where). â€Å"The Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural uprising that splintered Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the modern era. In northern and central Europe, reformers like Martin Luther and Henry VIII challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s ability to define ChristianRead MoreThe Kingdom of the Netherlands1756 Words   |  8 Pagesof dikes, wooden windmills, and fields of colorful tulips. A land of diverse and varied history, the Netherlands has overcome intriguing struggles in many centuries, impacting the world despite its diminutive size. Among the smaller countries in Europe, the Netherlands’ ranks thirty-first out of forty-five countries. The country has many valuable assets, such as the famed Ruhr industrial zone lusted after by the ambitious Germans in World War II. It would be an understatement to say that theRead MoreReading Key3881 Words   |  16 Pagesthe floor of the Great Basin. Salt Lake lost its outlet and evaporation caused it to become saline. Appalachian Mountains: Formed before continental separation. 350 million yrs. Ago. Tidewater Region: Caused by many river valleys. Slope upward to the Appalachians. Rocky Mountains: 135-25 million yrs. ago after continental separation. Great Lakes: weight of the ice caused depressions in the Canadian Shield. This scoured away the topsoil Missouri Mississippi-OhioRead MoreThe French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution and the American Revolution1831 Words   |  8 Pagesthe oversized books in English. Introduction The definition of a Revolution according to the National Encyclopedia is a fundamental change, often over a short period of time. Politically the word was first used during the Glorious Revolution of England in 1688. However, there are three other major revolutions during the time period 1688 Ââ€" 1789 that this essay will shed light on. The American Revolution, the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution are all important revolutions of its timeRead MoreThe Features Of Early Childhood Education1920 Words   |  8 Pagesperspectives on early childhood education in England and some other nations like Italy, determine the relationship existing in the history of early childhood provision in the UK and its present frame and state clearly the role of practitioner in planning and putting on a broad and balanced, child-centred curriculum within the indoor, outdoor environment and outside the early childhood context. Early childhood care and education for young children began to develop in England in the late 18th century and wasRead MoreNineteenth Century Americ A Bleak Portrayal Of The Sociopolitical Scene3092 Words   |  13 PagesPuritan New England experienced one of the most peculiarly memorable historical events of all time. The Salem Witchcraft trials of 1692 remain prominently embodied in the long and colorful history of New England, stretching back into the pre-colonial period. In the grand scheme of things, the Salem trials were the results of a long struggle between the mainstream catholic faith and the early Protestants. It is worth to mention from this outset that Catholicism had spread all over Europe by the eleventhRead MoreBritish National Identity8214 Words   |  33 PagesBRITISH NATIONAL IDENTITY What is national identity in postmodern Great Britain? 21st century Europe. Postmodernism. European Union. Capitalism. Fragmentation. In search of a new identity. Divided and together facing the rest of the world. History turns to be an invaluable source for the researchers to tackle properly the term. But history was written by the conquerors. The truth is probably in-between. In The importance of not being English, David McDowall states that national identity nowadaysRead MoreSociology and Other Sciences7090 Words   |  29 Pagesearlier researchers, notably Adolf Wagner and Henry Morselli, who were much more careful in generalizing from their own data. Second, later researchers found that the Protestant-Catholic differences in suicide seemed to be limited to German-speaking Europe and thus may always have been the spurious reflection of other factors. Despite its limitations, Durkheims work on suicide has influenced proponents of control theory, and is often mentioned as a classic sociological study. Durkheims study of suicideRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages(A) – long term planning of a successful dot.com. Jordan – the challenge of building capabilities for success in Formula 1. Shefï ¬ eld Theatres – strategy formulation for a wide audience of public and commercial stakeholders. Fisons – disastrous consequences of stakeholder management. Iona – Mission-driven strategy and stakeholder management. HomeCo – wrestling with governance and strategy in the boardroom; a role play. BMW – driving organic growth through market development in the automotive industry